Chile

nani… a masadak Wikipedia
跳至導覽 跳至搜尋

Chile (智利)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Hata no Cili.svg
Flag of Chile
深綠色為智利國土;淺綠色為智利宣稱主權但未獲承認的南極領地

Takarat sowal no Cili(概略)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O Cili hanaay a kitakit itiraay i satimolan a Amirika, i sa’etip misi’ayaway to Taihiyo a riyar, i ka’amis i o Piro, i sakawali i o Polipiya(玻利維亞) ato Arkunting(阿根廷). Ona kitakit tonini i o misakapotay to Saopo no Satimolan a Amirika, pakinganganen i o Arkuntinga ato Puracilu masa o ABC sanay a ciicelay a kitakit. Matiya o Okuwato(厄瓜多) caay ka laliting ko sera to Puracilu.

I tadasatimolan no Amirika a karopaw ko aro’ no Cili, masasi’araway to satimolan poco no cikiw, o satimolay to a kitakit no polong i cikiw,saka sowal sa ko Cili a tamdaw to niyah a kitakit i o “i saowac no cikiw” kami sanay. O polong a tamdaw no Cili masa-1,800 ’ofad, o kohecalay a tamdaw ato ainoko ko sa’alomanay, matiya to Arkunting away ko nani Afurikaay a tamdaw, o roma sato i o itinitiniay aca ko rengaw a tamdaw o yuencumin. O kyoiku no Cili i o tamaanay i tini i satimolan Amirika, fahekaay ko cimacima to pihai no kasatadamaan nangra. O singpon i nifaloco’an sanay awaay ko micariraway, o ’orip ato sici i ka’ayaway i polong no kallokitakit. Pakitini i syakay i mitooray to ’orip no ka’amisay Amirika a karopaw ato Yoropa ko kanga’ay. Orasaka tono pinapina a mihecaan o nanitiniraay i Aciya a tamtamdaw padeteng sanay a mafolaw tayni i Cili.

O pinaira no Cili i tadaadihay ko tadafokeloh, kilakilangan apinaira, ato foting. O saadihayay ko tampiya a fokelo (銅礦) i polong no kitakit, sapangangan han to Tadamaanay a kitakit to citampiyaay, oya Atakama tafotafokan i o satimolan no ma’icangay a sera, oroma sato o tadaadihayay i tini i hekal ko kalas a fokeloh.

Itini i 30 00 S, 71 00 W, no Notimolan Amilika ko Chile. Polong no sekalay i 756,102 sq km “saka 38 ko rayray no ngangan.” “O sekalay no sera i, 743,812 sq km, no nanom a sekalay i, 12,290 sq km” Polong i 17,650,114 ko tamdaw.

Sera (土地)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Masakilac ko sera o malo kakaomahen(農業) a sera 21.10%. Malo no kilakilangan(林業) a sera 21.90%, malo no roma to a sera 57%.

Parinacota volcano

Siyoto (首都)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O Santiago(聖地牙哥) ko Siyoto.

Katomirengan no kitakit a romi’ad (國慶日)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Pihiratengan no kitakit a romi’ad i saka–9 folad ato saka–18 a romi’ad.

O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) anini i ci Michelle Bachelet, patirengan a romi’ad i 2014 a miheca saka–3 folad ato saka–11 a romi’ad.

Rikisi (歷史)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O likisi no Cili

I saka’amis no Cili i ’ayaw no kataynan no mi’ecoay a Sipanya ono Inka Tikoku a pala. Nani 16 siki misatapang ko Sipanya a milood ta mapatireng ko Siciyako aniyaro’. Yasa i satimolay no Cili a Mapuci finacadan i misa’icel a mitoker. Tona saka’amis no Cili a palapalaan tahirato i 19 siki nga’ malosera sanay to no Cili.

I 1810 a miheca 9 folad 18 romi’ad, mapalasawad ko sakapito a hongti ci Pitinan saka mapatireng ko pasamoan a sifo, naonian ko saka tomireng no Niyahepikowan no Cili, ona romi’ad i o pikiningan to katomireng no Cili a kitakit.

Tahira i 1818 miheca 2 folad 12 romi’ad ci Pilinato・osikin ko kakeridan a mipalosiyangay to Niyahpikowan no Cili a Kitakit. Satapang nani 1879 tahira 1883 miheca ko kalas–lalood hananay, namalowid to ko mitokeray i ’eco hanto no Cili ko tafotafokan a pala no Piru ato Polipiya.

I 1930 a miheca, tahafikod to kalokitakit a nipikaawa no maamaan, nikawrira,cedengsa to ko kang’ay no kicai no Cili.

I 1960 a miheca 5 folad 22 romi’ad, ira ko tadatata’angay a ’atoray.

I 1970 a miheca tono congtong a sinkiw, ci Sarwato Ayido ko ma’alaay mala congtong, o misa’icelan a tayal ningra i mipala no kitakiten ningra ko maamaan a katayan, mipadang ho to Piruay a tamdaw ci Pilasko a mikerid to sofitay mifelen to ’ayaway a sifo. Malaliyaw ho malawidang to Kiwpa. Onini kasa lacemcem no Amirika a matiya o Kiwpa mitoker to Amirika o sanay ocor hanto ko mikoriniway ko tayal a saopo no Amirika a miriniw a midama to micokakangay a saopo no Cili.

I 1973 miheca 9 folad 11 romi’ad, i aikor ko Amirika a miceker ci Okusto Pinocito mifelin to sifo patayen ningra ci Sarwato Ayido ta malatapang no kitakit. To cila a miheca i 1974 misalalaka to ci Okusto Pinocito a mipatireng o sofitay ko mikowanay a lalaka no kitakit, sangaen ningra ko misarinikay a saopo no tayhin to sapilaopaw to kyosanto, tona matiniay a demak i masapatepatek ko mipatayan a tamdaw, halo ya caayay ka lead ko harateng a patayen, o micokeray ci Okusto Pinocito a tamdaw itiyaho maliposak to a mafolaw.

I 1988 miheca, mikongto[1] ko tamdaw no Cili, ’aloman ko mihantayay ci Okusto Pinocitoan a mararid mala congtong, i1990 miheca lepon sato ko pikowan ningra. O kongto hanaay i mitopa ko polong no finawlan, tosa aca ko lalina’en:hai anca caay pihai, caay ko tamdaw ko lalina’en, tona pikongtoan i malalid ho to falo miheca ko kalacongtong ni Okusto Pinocito han? Hai anca naay. Toyasato o minaayay 55.99%.

I 1994 tahira i 2000 a miheca, o Kiristomisyuto ci Aitofa Foli ko malacongtongay.

I 1998 miheca sawad sanay to ci Pinocito a malatapang no i seraay a sofitay, toyanan macepet i Ikilis ta pala’edef hananay to cingra. I 2000 miheca, ya masamo’ ko tatirengan ningra i pasadak hananay to. Toya miheca i 2000, o syakaymisyuto a tamdaw ci Likato Lakosu Aysukapa ko malacongtongay.

I 2006 miheca a sinkiw i, o fafahiyan ci Misiru Pacidal ko maalay malacongton, i likisi no Cili i, o sa’ayaway a fafahiyan malacongton cingra. Tona miheca sakacecay folad 15 romi’ad, tomirengto a malacongton, o saka—47 a malacongtongay.[2]

I 2010 miheca 2 folad 27 romi’ad, i kanikaran 3 widi 34 miyaw, ci’atoray to 8.8 lisu ko tata’ang, maselen ko 750 a tamdaw, 200 a ’ofad ko tamdaw to madoka’ay, tonton sato ko lalan, mapinko ko loma’. Tona miheca 3 folad 10 romi’ad, tomireng ci Saipatian Pinila malacongton, o tahapinangan tona 20 a mihecaan patatikoray ko Sakawanan sanay ko demak a mikowan. [3]

I 2014 miheca 3 folad 11 romi’ad, palaliyaw ho a malacongton ci Misiru Pacidal.

I 2018 miheca 3 folad 11 romi’ad, palaliyaw haca ci Saipatian Pinila malacongtong.

Miscanti Lagoon near San Pedro de Atacama Chile Luca Galuzzi 2006

Palapalan (地理)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O kakayaay ko pala no Cili, nani ka’amis tara timol 4,300 koli, isasifo’ay no Antis lotolotokan ato riyariyan toya taipinyang. Nikawrira, nani ’etip tara wali 200 koli ko kakahad, o sakakahaday a sera i 400 koli aca (matiya to nani Taipak tara Takaw). O sakakayaya’ay ko sera i kalokitakit, samatiya o sapengec ko kakaya’, sa pacimir han to cipengecay a kitakit.

Toloay ko kasadefadefak:[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Saka'amis (北部地區)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

I saka’amis i o lotolotkan o akawang no lotok i matafesiway to ko 6,000 meta. I tatelongan no tosa a poco no Antis a lotok i o Atakama a tafotafokan. Ona tafotafokan i o tadama’icangay i cikiw, namatahepo no fa’edetay a fali sacaay ka ’orad masamihecan. I tiyaho, ira a makarkar ko tadamaan a fokeloh, aninisato o tampiya aca ko maalaay. O maro’ay itini tona palapalaan a tamdaw i, ira ko 219,000 ko tamdaw, sahetoay o misatokayay i tata’angay a niyaro’ Antokas ato Iciku.

Sasifo'an(中部地區)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

I sasifo’an i ono Ciciwkay a romi’ami’ad, tada fangcal ko sota’ itini. Orasaka, ’aloman a mapedped ko maro’ay a tamdaw itini. I tatapangan a tokay Sinciyako i masa—650 ’ofad ko tamdaw. O roma a tokay i, o Waroso, o minato pahicelaan no tamina. O maro’ay itini i, 280,000 ko tamdaw. Kangsayposiong a tokay i, o kowfa ato kamaomahan. Itini i 350,000 ko tamdaw.

Satimolan(南部地區)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

I satimolan to i, caay ka papina ko tamdaw itini. Nawhani cilacila mafaliyos sa, awa sanay to ko pakayraan to saka’orip. Misi’ayaw to riyar i, adihay ko masapalaay a sera ato kihaw. I satimolan, ira koya Hoti hananay a kanatal, makalitosaay no Cili ato Akuntin a mikowan. O pasatimolay no Hoti a ngoso i, o tadateloc tono Cili ato no Satimolan Amirika. Itini i, adihay ko so’eda’edaan, i lawac no teloc no cikiw i, itini ko sakakahaday a so’eda’edaan pala.

Nengnengen ko pala no Cila i nani sa’etip, pasiwali o sa’ayaway i, o samatiya sanay, o telec ko ka to’edaw no riris no riyar, dodosa i, o tokotokosan, dodosa, o dadahalay a takaraway masadafdafay a sotasota’an, ona sottasota’an i, telong no kitakit tada fangcal ko sota’, fangcal o kamaomahan ato paka’enan to pina’orip. O Antis a lotolotokan, o lala’edan no Cili ato Poliya ato Akuntin. O i sifo’ay no riyar a Hoan palapalan ato Ista a pala i, ono Cili konini. Ano palalecaden a minengneg i, o ka’amis Antofa a ’orad, cecay miheca ira ko 12.7 hawmi, i Sinciyako 375 hawmi, i satimolan toya Hoti pala i 5,800 hawmi ko ’orad i cecay a miheca.

Kakarayan (氣候)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O pala no Cili, ani ka’amis tahira i tolas no kitakit i satimolan i, 4,300 kilo ko kakaya’, ano patatongoden ko Taywan i masamo’etep ko kato’edaw. Orasaka, 38 ko kinis to kasasiromaroma no romi’ad, caay ka sacecay ko pala, onini ko caay ka ralen ko romo’ad, awa ka sacecay sanai a sowal to patinako. O kacanglahan han, o kasi’enawan han? Ano do’edoen ko Kopin-pisilsil to romi’ad i, i laloma’ no Cili cilafas to pito ko masasiromaay a romi’ad, oranan i, i saka’amis o tafotafoka, i kawali no satimolan i, o tokotokosan ato so’eda’edaan. Itira i Ista a kanatal, i omasaciferangan a mademetay a romi’ad. I satimolan no Cili i, ono riyariyaran a romi’ad, i satelang i, ono Citiwkay a romi’ad. O polong no Cili i, sepat ko kasasiroma no kakarayan:

Kaciferangan (saka-12 folad tahira i saka-2 folad)
Karafawfawan (saka–3 folad tahira i saka–5 folad)
Kasienawan (saka–6 folad tihira i saka–8 folad)
Kaliomahan (saka–9 folad tahira i saka–11 folad)

Finawlan (人口)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

I 2012 miheca, pipolong a misa’osi to tamdaw, maala ka 16,341,929 ko tamdaw. Nani 1990 a miheca, satapang ko kalowan no sofoc, saka caay sanay to ka tongal ko tamdaw no Cili, ano ha’ensa i, tahira i 2050 a miheca, ano tangasangasa i 2,020 ’ofad ko ka’aloman no tamdaw, ca’eca sato ka tongal ko faoc no tamdaw, sako sowal no mikakinkiway.

O tamdaw no Cili a kotakit i, ’aloman ko kasasiromaroma no finacadan, naow matini han haw i, o misanga’an no teloc no mafolaway a tayni ato Intian ato ciramramay to masasiromaromay a ’ilang a tamdaw. Orasaka, itini i Cili i, o nano teloc no kohecalay tamadaw no Yuropa ko lengaw ako sanay i ira ko 59%, o roma sa i, 25% o Mitis kako sanay (o Mitis hananay i, o ainoko no kohecalay tamadaw no Yuropa ato itinitiniay aca ko ’orip a tamdaw) , o ’osaw sato i, o nani Afurikay a kohetingay tamdaw ato masasiromaay a Intian. O kohecalay a tamdaw no Cili i, o teloc no Sipanya (o nini i, ira ko Sipanya, Andarusiya ato Pasko). Ira ho ko nani Potoya, Italy, Ailan, Furansu, Kirisiya, Doicu, ikilis, Olanta, Koroaisiya, Rosiya, Polan, Syongyali a mafolaway a tayni, i raroma’ no nini caay ka awa ko ainoko no kohecalay a tamdaw ato nanitiniay i Arapiya a mafolaway a tayni. O nani Afurikaay a tamdaw i, cacaay ka ’aloman, masa–1.5% ko tamdaw. To hatiniay to a miheca i, mihaiyay ko Cili a mihamham to nani tiniay i Poliwia, Okwa, Korompiya, Puracilu, Winoycila, Mosiko, Kanata, Amirika, Sasifoay-Amirika, Olakui, Kropikanatal, Palakui, Piru, Ciwkoku (Tairiku), Dipon, Hanko a tamdaw. I 2011 a miheca to pipolong a misa’osi to tamdaw, ira ko 8% o itinitiniay aca kako sanay a tamdaw.

I laloma’ no polong a tamdaw no Cili, ira ko 70% o Tinsukiw ko pitooran, 15% o Ciwlo, 3.3% Molomon, 1% o Yihofa. Nikawrira, ira ko 8.3% caay ka piroor to kawas.

O sowal no Cili i, o no Sipanya a sowal, nikawria masasiromaay ko ngiha’ to no tada Sioanya. O roma sa i, Mapuci a sowal, Kuciwya no satimalan a Poliwiya a sowal, Aimara sowal, Rapanui saowal. I satimolan no Cili i, iraay ko somowalay to Doic a sowal.[4]

Sakowan (行政區)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O kasasiromaroma apikowan i laloma’ no kitakit

Sa’osi Ngangan no sakowan Sipanya a ngangan syoto
15 Región de Arica y Parinacota Alika
1 Talapoka tata’angay sakowan Región de Tarapacá Icik
2 Antofa tata’angay sakowan Región de Antofagasta Antofa
3 Atakama tata’angay sakowan Región de Atacama Kopya
4 Kocin tata’angay sakowan Región de Coquimbo Lasayna
5 Waloso tata’angay sakowan Región de Valparaíso Waloso
RM Sanciyako Syoto Región Metropolitana de Santiago Sanciyako
6 Mi’ecoan ni Awcinsu a sakowan Región del Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Lankwa
7 Maulay sakowan Región del Maule Taleka
16 Niwpolay sakown Región de Ñuble Kiling
8 Piyopiyo sakowan Región del Bío-Bío Kansayposiong
9 Arawkaniya Región de la Araucanía Tomoko
14 ’Alo’aloan sakowan Región de Los Ríos Warotiya
10 Fanawan sakowan Región de Los Lagos Monto minato
11 Niwanis Tadasofitay sakowan Región Aysen del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Kowiay
12 Mayculon-Teloc no Cili sakowan Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena Fantanas

O polon a sakowan no Cili ’enem ko safaw.

Chilean Cazuela

O Ka'en (飲食)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O kananaman a kaen no Cili a tamdaw i, o sopa, o romasaato, ma’olahay a komaen to no riyariyaran a setik, titi no kolong, titi no siri. O tada ma’alaay a mapangangan a sikaen i o Calodillo de Congrio hananay a misakohawan a foting, o Chupe de Mariscos hananay a mipacamolan ato roma dateng a mitenger a sikaen. Orama sato, ira ho ko mipacamolan to titi no koko’ a kohaw (Cazuela de ave), o kaedahay a riray pakcang (Lomit), paramraman to fadowac no kolong a holo (Bife Lomo), pakimodohay a titi no kolong a sopa (Tallarines con Lomito). Tada maolahay a koma’en ko Cili a tamdaw to ya dadotdoten a kaka’enen (Empanada), samatiyaay o sika’en no Ciwkoku a tamdaw toya masalipaay a nila, pacamol han to samaamaanay a tatangtangen, o titi no kolong to, o fita’ol to, o cisu to, o cepi’ no diyong to, fangcal a pacamolen tada kaeso’ a kaenen.

O Kicay (經濟)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

I 2010 a miheca, o polong a matayalay no Cili ira ko 7,580,000 tamdaw. I 2005 a miheca, 13.2% no cecay so’ot o mimaomahay, 23% i o matayalay i kofa, 63.9% o mililafangay ko tayal.

I 2013 a miheca, o polong a etan no kitakit i, ira ko 2,857.03 fois no Amirika a payso ko sa’osi, cecay tatamdawan to miheca a lilam i, 17.048 Amirika payso, mingata’ay to kacietan no rahidayay kitakit. Orasaka, o kacipayso nangra to nipiki’aca i matafesiway to ko 20,000 Amirika payso.

Tada matenakay ko liomah no Cili, o sa’adihayay a ma’alaay a losay i, o linko, o diso’, o ariray, o ’arawraway kenaw, o mongi, o sowana, ato kalitalitang. Tada adihay ko nisanga’an a ’epah no diso’. I 2006 a miheca, o mifotingngan no Cili i 4,442,877 ton.

O misanga’ay to dafong ato tadafakeloh i, o sakakaay a sapilietan no Cili. Orasaka, i 1991 a miheca, o nipasadakan a pacakay i 48% ko tada fokeloh a dafong. Itini i kalokitakit, o sa’adihayay ko nikarkaran no Cili a tampiya[1]. Adihadihay ko etan to pikarkar to tampiya, patinakoen, i Iskon a pikarkaran to tampiya, 8% itini i polong no kitakit.

O Cili a kitakit i, o sakakaay ko naifaloco’an ko katayal, (sakapito i polong no kitakit a ’osien), tingalaw ko faloco’ no tamtamdaw, o sakakaay ko etan hananay to no Saopo no Kinko no Kalokitakit, ano itinien i no tamdawan a kalomowad ko ’orip a so’osi, i laloma’ay to no i kakaay ko ’orip a kitakit. I 2010 a miheca, mikapot i OECD a saopo no kitakit. Ano cipaysopaysoay a kitakit ko Cili, nikawrira, o kasatiwtiw no cipaysoay ato macahiway tada mangalefay, orasak, tata’ang ko pilongoc no finawlan to sapisalof to sata, o rikec to sapi’ading to matayalay ato sapadahof to ’orip no malitenay.

O ngangan no payso no Cili i o piso.

Bachelet y campeones de polo

Punka (文化)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O bunka no Cili i, o kapolongan no teloc no nani Yuropaay a pinangan, cilamlam to itiniay aca a tamdaw no Cili a pinangan, mapacamol ho tono nani ka’amisay Amirika a pinangan, onini ko masasiromaroma a mahecad aca to icowacowaay a bunka. O ratoh to masamaanay i, ira ko midayhyoway to kitakit a matanengay mi’oric a tamdaw, ano doedoen kono to’as a lekakawa i, midemakay to masamaamaanay a ratoh no likisi no Cili.

O radiw sa i, macacamocamol to nani Sipanya ato Into, patinako han ci Kayka, o tada matanengay to sakero nani 1979 a miheca, iraay ko siiked sanay a taneng ningra.

Pihapinangan a tilid(註腳)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

[1] O Piro ko sakatosa a mikarkaray i polong a kitakit.

  1. [1]
  2. [2]
  3. [3] 搜狐新闻,2010年2月28日13:17
  4. [4]