Kamiron

Flag of Cameroon

Takaray Sowal(概要)

Kamiron Kapolongan Kitakit (喀麥隆共和國; Faransu a sowal: République du Cameroun；Ikiris a sowal: Republic of Cameroon), itiraay i saka’etip no sasifo’an no Afrika, o Cecaay Faco no Sieci a kitakit(單一制; Ikiris a sowal: unitary state. Isaka’etipan malafiyway ato Nayciliya, i saka’amis no sakawalian ato kawali malafiyaw ato Cate ato Sifo’ay-Afrika Kapolongan kitakit, Ii saktimol malafiyaw ato Sifo’ay-Konis-Cikiw Cineya, Kapon ato Konko Kapolongan kitakit. O lilis no riyar mingataay to Pangni-Kihaw(邦尼灣;Ikiris a sowal: Bight of Bonny anoca 比亞法拉灣; Ikiris a sowal:Bight of Biafra), onini a kihaw i,o cecay a pecih no Cineiya-Kihaw ato malaliting ato Tasiyang-Riyar.

O Kamiron masasiromaay ko sera atop pala, orasaka, adihay ko kasasiromaroma no ponka, pacimir han to to”mamangay Afrika”, o pitapalan ira ko kihaw a lilisa no riyar,tafotafokan, lotolotokan, kilakilangan ato Fa’edetay-rengorengoasan.

Location Cameroon AU Africa

O sa’akawangay tokos i katimo no saka’etip o Kamiron Cilamalay-pocok, o tokay ira ko Toala,Yaente ato Karuwa,. I laloma’ nona kitakit ira ko cisafaw to 200 ko finacadan ato sowal. O Ikiris ato Frasu a sowal koni sifo a sowal.

Likisi

O saharakatay a maro'ay a finacadan i Kamiron i, o Pikemi a tamdaw no niyaro' no Peka. O sa’ayaway a tatapangan no somowalay to sowal no Panto a finacadan i, itiraay i takalaway a pala no Kamiron. Nikawrira, i 'ayaw no Yoropa a tamdaw a midefong i, mafolaway to ko sa'alomanay nona Panto a tamdaw. Tahira i 1884 a mihecaan, o Honti no Toala ko sa’aci’icelay a honti nani Afrikaay a pala itini i Kamiron. I'ayaw ho i 1472 a mihecaan, nani Yoropaay a palonanay no Portugal, misatapang to a talahekal i lilis no riyar no Kamiron. O ngangan no Kamiron i, o nai ciafaray a tarawadaw no Woli,  o "Rio de Camarões" ko pipangangan tona tarawadaw itiya ho. Satapang i 1520 a mihecaan, miteka a malali'aca ato Portugal to walic no ’eco, congliyio ato waneng. Tona mihecaan, caay kacomahad ko pipali'aca to kohetingay a tamdaw a malakoli a demak. Tahira i 1820 a mihecaan, oya pipali'aca to kohetingay a tamdaw a malakoli a demak i, miteka a matatood a macomahad itini i Kamiron. Tahira to i 1840 a mihecaan, sakapito a folad saka mo'etep a romi'ad, masasitilid o Honti no Toala ato Inkiris to rikec no sapilalang to pipali'aca to tamdaw ato sapifades. O papahecaden tona demak i,  itini i 1865 a mihecaan ko Amirika, i 1888 a mihecaan ko Parasil, ta milalang to pipali'aca to tamdaw ato sapifades. Nani 1868 a mihecaan a miteka, nawhani misatapang ko Woermann a kaysya no Hamburg a patireng to cipaay a patiyamay itini i cepo' no ’Alo no Wori, saka ’aloman ’aloman sato ko Germany a tamdaw a tayni i Kamiron. Itini i 1884 a mihecaan, sakapito a folad, saka safaw sepat a romi'ad, malaaocoran ci Kositapo Nahetikal a hakasi, o Conlinse no Germany, mapolong ato Honti ci Lotopo Toala, mahakelong to kasaniyaniyaro' a kakitaan no Kamiron a masasitilid to rikec no sapidipot. Itini a paka'fana' to Kamiron a mala o misimawan a pala no Germany, kaorira o so'elinay i, o sakowan a pala no Germany i papota no kitakit. Itini i 1911 a mihecaan, pakayni i masasitilid no Germany ato France to "Moroko-Kongo a Rikec"(o nicowatan a pala no France i, mapakelac to Germany), mipalakakahad ko Germany to nicowatan a pala i sifo' no Africa, mala fa'lohay a Kamiron a kitakit. Kirami ya pakaalaay ko Germany a ma'emin i, caay katenes i, pakayni i Fansay a Rikec, ta ma'emin a mahedaw to. Itini i Sakacecay a Kalalood no Hekal, ya ma'edemay ko pikowan to nika'osian ato nikahian a hitay no Germany no sapisimaw to nicowatan a pala i, tosa aca a mihecaan ko pikamaro' nangra itini i Kamiron. Itini i 1919 a mihecaan a mipatopa to "Fansay a Rikec" i, talacowa pakaala ko Kamiron to cecayay a aro'an no citodongay itini i Lekatep no Kasakitakit, kirami matorod ho no Ingkolis ato France ko aro'an nira. Caay katenes, oya makelac ko sepat no kalilima  no pala no Kamiron, makowanen no France, oya sato osaw a pala i, malilam no Ingkolis. Maharek ko Sakatusa a Kalalood no Hekal i, oya mapalilam no Ingkolis ato France ko pala no kitakit i, matorod sato no Linhoko. O harateng no Linhoko i, o nika mangalay a minirnir ko Kamiron to siikeday a sakowan. Nikaorira nani itiya sato tahira i 1957 a mihecaan i, masasifod ko demak no kitakit i Kamiron, oya nikowanan no France a pala i, parariday a milikapo to sasiikedaw. Saikoray sato, i 1957 a mihecaan  sakalima a folad sakamo’tep a romi’ad, mapatireng ci André-Marie Mbida a malacungtung.

O kasiikedan to nani nikowanan no roma a kitakit.

I 1960 a mihecaan a sakacecay a folad a sakacecay a romi’ad, malepon to ko i nipatorodan no Linhoko a katatelekan to nikowanan no France a pala no Kamiron, militos ko polong no finawlan to pisiikid to nisakowan no France, ta panganganen to “Kamiron Kunhoku”. Roma sato i, malecad ko i nisakowan no Ingkolis a polong no finawlan a militos: o i no ka’amisay a finawlan i, miketon to pitateko to Nigeria, o i no katimolay a finawlan i, miketon to pitateko to Kamiron (i 1961 a mihecaan a sakamo’tep a folad a sakacecay a romi’ad), ta falicen ko ngangan no kitakit to “Kamiron Patatekoan kitakit”. Tangasa i 1984 a mihecaan i, miliyaw haca a mafalic ko  ngangan no kitaki to “Kamiron kapolongan kitakit." Onian ko lalengawan no sowal, sakatatosaay ko sowal no kitakit to no Ingkolis ato no France a sowal i aniniay.

I kaikor no pisiiked no Kamiron i, ci Ahmadou Ahidjo o Fula a tamdaw ko mipatirengay to no katalawan a satekeday a pikowan, mipa’ekel to maliyangay a mapolong. Tona pikowanan ni Ahidjo a romi'ad i, pakayra to nipadang no komong no France, sapirahaday to sakatanetek no pikowan ningra, caay pitolas ko kacernohan a pipa'ekel. I 1966 a mihecaan sakasiwa a folad sakacecay a romi'ad i, mapatireng ko lekatep no finawlan no Kamiron, o “Union Nationale Camerounaise” (UNC) ko ngangan, to ikor nani 1985 a mihecaan i, mafalic ko ngangan to no demak no finawlan no Kamiron “Cameroon People’s Democratic Movement” (RDPC).

I 1972 a mihecaan i, pakayni i nipifalican no Kamiron i, oya naitiyaay a “Patatekoan kitakit” i, mafalic to masacecayay a “kapolongan kitakit”.

I 1982 a mihecaan safaw cacay a folad sakaenem a romi'ad i, maepoday ci Ahidjo Cungtung, ya ci Paul Biya (o cungli no sifo no sa’ayaw) ko malafa'elohay a tapang no kitakit no Kamiron, ato mala kakeridan no ya misacecayay a lekatep no finawlan no Kamiron (UNC).

I 1984 a mihecaan i, pakaala ci Biya to picoker no polong no finawlan, tamipeleng haca cingira toya sakafodfodaw a demak. To ikor sato, i napatirengan a fa'elohay a misacecayay a lekatep, o “Cameroon People’s Democratic Movement” (RDPC) i, cifaloco'ay ci Biya a mareko ko kalalenan no siyakay ato nikapolongan a pikowan i polong no kitakit no Kamiron.

I 1988 a mihecaan a pisingkiwan i, pakaala haca ci Biya to picoker no finawlan, itiya i, caho ka paka'araw cingra to masamaanay a milifetay ato malidafoay.

Nawhani i 1989 a mihecaan, malitemoh nira koya cahoay ka'araw a demak o karawrawan no kicay ato karawrawan no siyakay, onian a karawrawan i, makari'ang cingira ato ya awaay ko 'epoc a laloma’ay a citodongay nira. Saday sato i, matongatongal ko ngiha' no finawlan to nikapakonira no singpo ato codad i kitakit no Kamiron. Ikor no nika-pakonira no singpo ato codad i, ’aloman ko mapasadakay a mi'esesay a singpo, roma i macakat ko ’icel no pacoliay a cefang, saka sa’ayaway no 1990 a mihecaan, sakangalefan ko demak no Kamiron, sararid sa a masadak ko kafodfodan no sofitay. Mapa'ekel no ’icel no pacoliay a cefang i, saka miketon ci Biya a midemak to nikapakonira a pisingkiwan i 1992 a mihecaan. 'Arawhani, pakalowid haca ci Biya tonini a pisingkiwan. Nawhani matena' sato ko mitapalay no singkiw no hekal, mahinapec ko pacoliay to sakatodong no litos tonini a pisingkiw. Nikawrira, nawhani ’aloman ko mikihatiyaay to pisingkiw a pacoliay a cefang, tangasa i 32 ko kasafelaw, onini ko sakaliwasak no litos. O heci no pisingkiwan i, pakaala ko RDPC a cefang to 89 a kamaro’an i kalomaocan, saka paci’ci sa a mapulong a mikowan to kitakit cingra ato ya pacoliay a cefang (ya pakaalaay to 65 a kamaro’an). Pakayra to nipadangan no Falanse a pafeli i cingraan to pacoliay i 1997 a mihecaan, mihamotod ci Biya tonini nani Falanseay a pacoliay a malidafoay, saka pakaala cingra to sa’alomanay a kamaro’an i kalomaocan, laheci sato cingra a miliyaw a pakaala to pisingkiwan.