Côte d'Ivoire

nani… a masadak Wikipedia

Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit(象牙海岸共和国)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit(象牙海岸共和国; Fransu a sowal :République de Côte d'Ivoire) kalopangangan o Pacekis no Co(通称象牙海岸) hananay.[1] o itiniay I sa’etipan no Afrika a kitakit, isakawali malafiyaw ato Kana kitakit, sakatimol misi’ayaw to Ciniya-Kihaw, i ka’etip tahiraay i Lipiliya-Kapolongan kitakit ato Ciniya, ika’amis malafiyaw ato Mali ato Pokinafaso.

Fayfay no Pacekis no Co kapolongan kitakit

O ngangan no kitaakit (國名)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

kaitiraan nona kitakit

O sowal no Fransu tona ” Côte d'Ivoire” hananay I, o “pacekis no co a lilis no riyar ” sanay ko imi ningra, onini ko pi’arawan a pangangan Pacekis no Co a Lilis no Riyar. Nikawrira, I 1985 miheca saka 10 folad saka 14 romi’ad, o sa’ayaway a congtong ci Filikos-Ofoay-Powani(费利克斯·乌弗埃-博瓦尼;Fransu a sowal:Félix Houphouët-Boigny) do’edo han ningra ko telangay a ngangan to ”Côte d'Ivoire” cowa ko imi ko pialaan a pangangan,[2] [3]matiya o “Costa Rica” o imi nonini i o “cihanekay sera” sanay, nikawrira, o ngiha ko nialaan a pangangan to Kosta-Rika. O panangan no kalokitakit a mitilid i,isifo’ no tosaay tilid mipatongalan to” “ a konis, nikawrira, ona kitakit a pinangan i, cowa ka patongalen to ” “.

Onini ko pisa’eli to Congko o ngiha ko nialalan a pangangan to “Kototiwa”[4] mido’edo ko Awmen ato Syangkang.[5] [6]o Linheko nano 1985 miheca saka 12 folad saka 31 romi’ad oninian ko pangangan.9 o Dipon i o katakana to “コートジボワール” ko pangangan. Hatini to ko kafalic ko pipangangan tahanini, oyanan to o Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit ko pipangangan no Conghuwaminko(Republic of China).[7]

O cowa ko Fransu ko sowal a kitakit ano no sifoan ko pitahidang do’edo hananay ko ngiha nona kitakit patinako han o Sipangya o “Costa de Marfil”, o Potawya o “Costa do Marfim” hananay. O Toic ko sowal i,o “Elfenbeinküste”, nikawrira,ano mitahidang to tamdaw nona kitakit i, mialaay to nani Fransu a sowal toya Pacekis sanay a tilid(Ivorer anoca Ivorerin).

Rikisi (歷史)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

o nanges a kilang

O pikowanan ho no Fransu (法國統治時代)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O tamina no Yoropa latek i 1460 a mihecahecan tahini i Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit, o i’ayaway nonini a mihecahecaan a rikisi cowa ka hakowa ko kafana’an no tamdaw. O aniniay a maro’ay finacadan iikoray to a tahini tona pala :o Kru finacadan itiyaay i 1600 miheca nani Lipiliya maforaw tayni, o Sinofo(Senoufo) finacadan ato Lobi finacadan nani tiraay i Pokinafaso ato Mali pasitimol maforaw a tayni. Tahira to i saka 18 sici, saka 19 sici o Akan finacadan ato o cecay a roma no Akan fanacadan tora Paoli(Baoulé) finacadan nani Kana micomod tayni i sakawalian no Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit, oya sa Malinke(Malinké) finacadan o nani Ciniya micomod a tayni i ka’amis no ka’etipan no Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit.

I pikowanan no Fransu mipacemahad to sapaliwal to dafong tayra i papotal, kalikki a malaheci ko patosokan, orasaka, maopoh a paloma to kafi, koko ato nanges. Itiya ho iroma a pala no Ka’etipay-Afrika ira ko kacacofelis no komuing no Fransu ato Ikiris, orasaka, ‘aloman mahahicera ko Fa’elihay-Maforaway tamdaw itini i Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit. Onini ko saka o tamdaw no Fransu ko mirepetay to palosayan no kafi, koko ato pawli, o kakatelii’an i o Mipaciciay-Papisakuli Demak to sakacemahad no sapili’etan.

o patiyamay i lawac no lalan i saka90a mihecahecaan.

Patireng to misiikeday kitakit ato kacemahad(獨立建國與經濟繁榮)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Ira ko cecay a wawa no kakita’an no Paoli(Baoulé) finacadan ci Filikos-Ofoay-Powani(菲力克斯·烏弗埃-博瓦尼 ; Fransu a sowla :Félix Houphouët-Boigny) ko mikeriday to sakapisiikedaw, malamama no pisiiked no kitakit. 1944 miheca sa’ayaway a patireng to masacefangay no mipalomaay to kafi. Saopoen ningra ko tamtamdaw matayal i omah ningra mitoker to pipa’ekel no mikowanay a Fransu. Onini ko kaliki a mapalowad ko tireng Powani, caka sacecay mihecaan masinkiw malakiing no Misanga’ay-to-Rikes a pakaykian no Fransu. Ikor to cecay a miheca, mapalasawad no Fransu ko Mipaciciay-Papisakuli Demak. To ikor to i, sawad han to ni Powani koya no kapahan ho a micacoker a harateng, o sifo sa no Fransu papipakatayalen cingra to tapang no katayalan i sifo to pacofay to harateng ningra.

Yo misiiked to kona kitakit i 1960 miheca, tahira to i 1979 miheca mala o sakakaay mipasadakay paliwal to koko kona Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit ihekal. Ona kitakit malasakakaay a pasadakay paliwal to talacay ato nanges a kitakit.o micorohay tonini a ‘’kakafahekaan demak no Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit ‘’ o citanengay a tamdaw no Fransu. Itini i Afrika malaheci ko kapisiikedan no kitakit i, palaplapay to ko Yoropa a tamdaw, nikawrira, itini i Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit i, matongalay ko tamdaw no Yoropa. O kamaro’an no Fransu a tamdaw isa’ayaw ho i, cecaay ‘ofad matongal tahira i 5 ‘ofad ko tamdaw, ilaloma’ nonini i, o citanengay-matayalay ato komong ko tayal nangra.o kacomahad no sapili’etan macakat to 10% to lalen no mihecahecan to 20 ko miheca, o cikaso-simalay a kitakit itini i Afrika o skakakaay.

2000 mihecahecaan (2000年代)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

I 2000 miheca saka 10 folad a sinkiw to congtong ci Lolang-Papo ato Kayi ko malalifetay. Nikawrira, adihay ko fangafang tona sinkiw. O lalengatan i, sapiliyocaw tona sinkiw ci Kayi, mapacekil ko keter no finawlan a marawraw, 180 ko tamdaw to mapatayay, tangsolsol sa ci Kayi misawad, ci Lolang-Papo to ko maalaay malacongtong.oroma sa misinkiway ci Watala orma akitakit ko kika ningra orasak mapalasawad no Sakakaay-Pisawkitan,o mitopaay ci Watalan a finawlan, sahetoay isaka’amis no kitakit malaodot ato tayhing i syoto tatapangan niyaro’.

2002 miheca saka 9 folad saka 19 romi’ad ira ko pifelih no sofitay to sifo, maaro’ nangra ko saka’amisay nona kitakit. O ‘ayaway a congtong mapatay no sofitay i loma’ no tireng.ci Watala congtong milimek tayra i Loma’ no Tarokos no Fransu, sa madipot ko tiring.o maan ko lalengatan nona rawraw tahanini away ho ko so’elinay a kafana’an.Ikor to i,maocor ko sofitay no Fransu mipalasasowal to sapipalasawad tona kasalala’is, o sofitay, kakeridan no sofitay ato nani Lipiliya ato Saylaliang a cikowangay a saopo mipatokeled a mi’afas to ika’etipay a sera nona kitakit.

2005 miheca saka 12 folad saka 28 romi’ad mapatireng ko pacarcaray a sifo no Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit, ci Syar-Konan-Panni(夏爾·科南·班尼; Fransu a mdawsowal:Charles Konan Bannyko matoro’an malacongli, mamo’etepay ko kasasiromaroma a kasafelaw no sieci ko mitayalay to sifo.[8] 2007 miheca saka 3 folad saka 29 romi’ad toro’en no congtong ci Ciyawmo-Soro(紀堯姆·索羅; Fransu a sowal:Guillaume Soro) malacongli.[9]

O fa’elohay a sinkiw itiraay i 2010 miheca a midemak, o sa’ayaway o polong no kitakit a sinkiw konini,wataay ko pihamham no isowacowaay to a kitakit ato tamdaw, nanay masaysay to ko rawraw rihaday to ko ‘orip no kalotamdaw, cato ka cilacila mafelih ko sifo.

2010 miheca saka 12 folad saka 4 romi’ad, matatoker ci Alasani-Tolamana-Watala(阿拉萨内·德拉马纳·瓦塔拉;Alassane Dramane Ouattara) aci Lolong-Papo(洛朗·巴博; Fransu a sowal:Laurent Gbagbo) o niyah ko maalaay tona sinkiw sanay, paitemek sa a milekal to kaala to singkiw malacongtong, wa miliyaw heca a mafodfod ko kitakit, nikawrira, o Amirika, Afrika-Lekatep ato Linheko ato Sa’etipay-Kitakit a Lekatep sahetoay mihayiay to kalacongtong ni Alasani-Watala.

2011 miheca saka 4 folad saka 11 romi’ad mapalit ci Lolong-Papo.

Kaitiraan(地理)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Ciniya-Kihaw

Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit(象牙海岸共和国) itiraay I sa’etipay-lilis no riyar no Afrika, isakawali malafiyaw ato Kana kitakit, sakatimol misi’ayaw to Ciniya-Kihaw, i ka’etip tahiraay i Lipiliya-Kapolongan kitakit ato Ciniya, ika’amis malafiyaw ato Mali ato Pokinafaso, isakawali miingid to Kana kitakit. O kakahad no sera ira ko 322,463 km²[10] o to’edaw no lilis no riyar ira ko 550 km. O pala i nani ka’amisan no sa’etip pasi katimol no sawalian a masa’apilis, cowa ka tata’ang ko kasakefoh no sera, i ka’amisan no saka’etip a pala nani tongroh no riyar ira ko 500~1000 laya’ ko ka’akawang, ika’amis i nani tongroh no riyar ira ko 200~500 laya’ a mamangay a lotolotokan, o katimol no sakawalian dengan 50 laya’ a masafanaway a lilis no riyar. O sakakaay ko takaraw a tokos i o Linpa-Poco’(甯巴峰),ira ko 1752 laya’ ko ka’akawang.

O rakat no ‘alo I, nani katimol pasi’amis ko rakat no nanom, ira ko Pangtama-‘Alo(邦達馬河;Bandama) 950 km, Komoay-‘alo(科莫埃河;Comoé) 759km,Sasangtola-‘alo(薩桑德拉河;Sassandra) 650 km,ato Kawali-‘Alo, 600km, o polog no ta’edaw no ‘alo cisafaw to 3100km, o nirakatan a pala ira ko 232,700 km². O romi’ad i Fa’etay-Kakarayan, ikatimol o Fa’edetay-Kilakilangan Kakarayan, i saka’amis o Fa’edetay-Rengorengosan Kakarayan,i saka 2 ~4 folad sa’akawangay ko fa’edet, o lalen no fa’edet i 24~32 ; saka 8 folad o sapa’eneray ko fa’edet, lalen i, 22~28℃ .

Palapalaan(地形)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Kaheciday fanaw a etal nani Folisko tahira i kalala’ed ato Kana kitakit, 297 km ko kato’edaw ; ona etal i, ira ko maipocay a tafotafokan-kanatal malitosa han Tasiyang, ato lilis no riyar tahira i Lipiya, sahetoay o takaraway a ‘ongcoy. Ona kaheciday-fanaw a etal ono konisan no cikiw a kakarayan, o lalen a fa’edet i, 24.4~28.3 ℃.

O kilakilangan-Eatal .tiraay i kaikor no kilakilangan, o lalen no takaraw no kilang i, 24 laya’. Adihay ho ko mamangay a kilang sasifod saan. O tata’angay a kilang matafesiway ko 45 laya’ ko ka’akawang.

mikangkanay i omah

O rengorengosan-Etal itiraay i saka’misan no kalala’edan to roma a kitakit,itini i, ono Fa’edatay-Kakarayan, mahapinangay ko kalitosa to kakeladan ato ka’oradan, i saka’amis no sa’etipa ira ko cinganganay a Sahara-Tafotafokan, o nani tiraay a fali o ma’icangay a Yarmatan-Fali hananay.

Sapili’etan a tayal(經濟)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

Nani pisiikedan-Tpmireng ko kitakit i 1960 miheca, malawidangay to ato Fransu. O kasasiromaroma a nipasadakan a nipalomaan ato mihamham to roma a kitakit mipatireng ko katayalan itini, tada o sakacomahad no Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit i Afrika, nikawrira, tona pinapina a mihecaan matefad ko ‘aca no nipalomaan losay, orasaka, matefad ko ‘aca no sakakaay a koko ato kofi, ira ho ko mikakaenay to payso a matayalay a komuing tongal sa ko kalapakoyoc no kitakit, o maomahay ato mipaliwalay a tamdaw matongal ko nikaawa.

Pasadakan pili’eta(出口貿易)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O nipasadakan dafong a ‘etan i 2009 miheca ira ko 87.49 ok ko payso no Amirika.[11]o akakakaay nipasadakan a dafong o koko, kofi, simal no nanges, parok, komo, talacay,pawli, kilang, pacekis no co, takdafokeloh ato nakayaman-dafong, o sakakaay pipasadakan a paliwal a kitakit o Toic, Amirika, Olanta, Niriliya, Fransu, Itali ato Pokinafaso.[12]

Mi’acaan dafong(進口貿易)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

O ni’acaan nani roma a kitakit polong ira 64.7520 ok ko payso no Amirika,[13]o sakakaay a ni’acaan dafong ira ko kakaenen, nananomen, hikoki, tamina, tosiya, tata’akay-tamina, ociya, foting tamako, mising, kikay, dingki, kirarom ; ira ho ko amoto, tasalamaan no wawa, sikitang,simal, sapatireng to loma a dafong, sapaiyo,kikay no paisingan, dingwa, sakatayal kalas, cowa ko

So’elinay fokes ato kalodafong to romi’ami’ad, o sakakaay pi’acaan a kitakit o iiriliya, Fransu, Congko ato Tayko.[14]

Tamdaw ato sowal(人口及語言)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

paisingan

I 2012 miheca a sa’osi ira ko 2195 ‘ofad ko tamdaw. Polong no kitakit ira ko 69 ko kasasiromaroma no finacadan, o sakakaay a sepat finacadan :Aken-Finacadan(latek 42%), Manti-Finacadan(latek 27%), Koro-Finacadan(15%), ato Worto-Finacadan(latek16%).

O polong a sowal ira ko 65 sowal, ilaloma’ nonini o Muslin o Tiwula-Sowal(Dyula), ona Tiwula-Sowal matatokeled o sowal no mipaliwal to dafong a sowal. O sowal no sifo no Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit o Fransu-Sowal, i pitilidan sahetoay o sowal no Fransu ko hasowal. Ira ko 20% a tamdaw no Pacekis no Co Kapolongan kitakit o nani fiyaway a Lipiliya kitakit, Pokinafaso ato Ciniya a matayalay, ilaloma’ nonini i sahetoay o Muslin, anini matongalay ho ko ka’aloman. O itinitiniay aca a maro’ a tamdaw sahetoay Tinsikiw ato Fa’elohay-Misakristoay, ira ho ko mamang pakaso’elinay to To’asan-Kawas. Onini ko lalengatan no fodfod no kitakit to kacacoli no itinitiniay a tamdaw ato nani papotalay a Muslin. Ira ko 4% o nani Yoropaay a tamdaw, Saka’amisay-Amirika a Karopaw ato Lipanen a mitooray to Kristo.

Pacefaday a Tilid (註腳)[mikawit | o yin-se-ma no pisinanot]

  1. Forvo網站上Côte d'Ivoire的法語發音. [2014-06-19]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-23).
  2. Jessup, John E. (1998), An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945–1996, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, p.351.
  3. Grinker, Roy Richard; Steiner, Christopher Burghard(1997),Perspectives on Africa: a reader in culture, history, and representation, Oxford and Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell, p.671.
  4. 中国地名委员会出版的《外国地名译名手册》1983年版中,国名为象牙海岸,1993年版改为科特迪瓦。
  5. 領館及官方認可機構. 香港特别行政区政府政府总部礼宾处. [2018-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-06) (中文(繁体)).
  6. 2017 澳門年鑑 (PDF). [2018-11-23]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-04-23) (中文(繁体)).
  7. 象牙海岸共和國. 中华民国外交部. [2022-08-29].
  8. 李明,[1],新华网
  9. 黄伟,[2],新华网
  10. 中央情報局世界概況--國家面積. [2022-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-02).
  11. 中央情報局世界概況--出口總值. [2022-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-02).
  12. 中央情報局世界概況--出口貿易國. [2010-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2010-04-26).
  13. 中央情報局世界概況--進口總值. [2022-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-02).
  14. 中央情報局世界概況--出口貿易國. [2010-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2010-04-26).